Daya

Kwanan nan, masu mallakar dabbobi sukan zo don yin tambaya game da ko tsofaffin kuliyoyi da karnuka har yanzu suna buƙatar a yi musu rigakafin kan lokaci kowace shekara? A ranar 3 ga Janairu, kawai na sami shawarwari tare da wani babban mai kula da dabbobin kare mai shekaru 6. Ya yi jinkiri na kusan watanni 10 saboda annobar kuma bai sake samun maganin ba. Ya je asibiti don jinyar rauni kwanaki 20 da suka gabata, amma daga baya ya kamu da cutar. An dai gano shi yana fama da rashin lafiya na canine distemper kuma rayuwarsa tana kan layi. Mai dabbobin yanzu yana yin duk mai yiwuwa don farfado da lafiyarsa ta hanyar magani. Da farko, babu wanda ya yi tsammanin ya zama ƙwayar cuta na canine, wanda ake zargin shi ya zama rikicewar hypoglycemic, wanda zai iya tunanin.

Da fari dai, dole ne a fayyace cewa duk halaltattun kungiyoyin likitocin dabbobi a halin yanzu sun yi imanin cewa "ya kamata a yi allurar rigakafin dabbobi cikin ma'ana da kuma lokacin da ya dace don guje wa yawan allurar rigakafi". Ina ganin batun ko tsofaffin dabbobin gida na bukatar a yi musu rigakafin a kan lokaci, ko shakka babu wani abu ne da masu mallakar dabbobin gida a kasar Sin ke damuwa da shi ko tattaunawa. Ya samo asali ne daga tsoro da damuwa na rigakafin mutane a Turai da Amurka, kuma daga baya ya zama dabbobi. A cikin masana'antar likitancin dabbobi na Turai da Amurka, akwai sunan mallakar wannan, "Gwargwadon maganin rigakafi".

Tare da haɓaka Intanet, kowa zai iya yin magana a kan layi kyauta, wanda ya haifar da ɗimbin ɗimbin abubuwan ilimin da ba su da tabbas suna haɓakawa. Dangane da matsalar alurar riga kafi, bayan shekaru uku na COVID-19, kowa ya san sarai yadda ƙarancin ingancin mutanen Turai da Amurka ke da shi, ko da gaske yana da illa ko a'a, a taƙaice, rashin yarda yana da tushe sosai a cikin zukatan mutane da yawa. ta yadda Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya za ta lissafta “shakkar allurar rigakafi” a matsayin barazana ta daya a duniya a shekarar 2019. Bayan haka, kungiyar likitocin dabbobi ta duniya ta jera taken 2019 na Ilimin dabbobi na kasa da kasa da kuma Ranar Likitan Dabbobi a matsayin "Daramar Alurar riga kafi".

Duban wannan, na yi imani kowa zai so ya san ko yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi allurar a kan lokaci, ko da dabbar ta fara tsufa, ko kuma za a sami kwayoyin rigakafi masu tsayi bayan ƴan rigakafi?

Biyu

Saboda babu wasu manufofi, ƙa'idodi, ko bincike da suka dace a China, duk nassoshi na sun fito ne daga ƙungiyoyin likitocin dabbobi guda biyu waɗanda suka haura shekaru 150, Ƙungiyar Likitan Dabbobi ta Amirka AVMA da Ƙungiyar Kula da Dabbobi ta Duniya WVA. Ƙungiyoyin magungunan dabbobi na yau da kullum a duniya suna ba da shawarar cewa dabbobin su sami rigakafi na yau da kullum akan lokaci kuma a cikin adadi mai yawa.

Bisa ga dokokin jihohi daban-daban a Amurka, masu mallakar dabbobi dole ne su sami allurar rigakafi ga dabbobin su akan lokaci, amma ba a tilasta musu su karbi wasu alluran rigakafi (kamar rigakafi hudu ko hudu). Anan, muna bukatar mu fayyace cewa Amurka ta ba da sanarwar kawar da duk wata cuta ta rabies na dabbobi, don haka manufar karbar allurar rigakafin cutar rabies shine kawai don rage yuwuwar kamuwa da cuta.

Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Dabbobi ta Duniya ta fitar da "Sharuɗɗa na Duniya don Dog da Cat Vaccination" a cikin Janairu 2016, wanda ya jera ainihin maganin rigakafi ga karnuka ciki har da "Canine Distemper Virus Vaccine, Canine Adenovirus Vaccine, da Parvovirus Type 2 Variant Vaccine", da kuma ainihin. allurar rigakafi ga kuliyoyi ciki har da "Cat Parvovirus Vaccine, Cat Calicivirus Vaccine, da Cat Herpesvirus Alurar riga kafi". Daga baya, Ƙungiyar Asibitin Dabbobi ta Amirka ta sabunta abubuwan da ke cikinta sau biyu a cikin 2017/2018, A cikin sabuwar shekara ta 2022, an bayyana cewa "dukkan karnuka ya kamata su karbi wadannan manyan allurai masu zuwa sai dai idan ba za su iya samun su ba saboda rashin lafiya, irin su canine. distemper / adenovirus / parvovirus / parainfluenza / rabies. Kuma an ambata musamman a cikin umarnin cewa mafi kyawun tsarin yatsan hannu lokacin da maganin zai iya ƙare ko ba a sani ba shine 'idan kuna shakka, don Allah a yi alurar riga kafi'. Daga wannan, ana iya ganin cewa mahimmancin maganin rigakafi na dabbobi game da tasiri mai kyau ya fi girma fiye da shakku akan intanet.

A cikin 2020, Journal of the American Veterinary Association musamman gabatar da horar da duk likitocin dabbobi, tare da mai da hankali kan "Yadda kwararrun likitocin dabbobi ke Fuskantar Kalubalen Alurar riga kafi". Labarin ya ba da wasu ra'ayoyi da hanyoyin tattaunawa don yin bayani da haɓakawa ga abokan cinikin da suka yi imani da gaske cewa allurar rigakafi na haifar da haɗari ga dabbobin su. Duk masu mallakar dabbobi da likitocin dabbobi suna nufin lafiyar dabbobin su, amma masu dabbobin sun fi damuwa da cututtukan da ba a sani ba da kuma yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta, yayin da likitocin suka fi damuwa da cututtukan da za a iya fuskantar kai tsaye a kowane lokaci.

Uku

Na tattauna batun rigakafin tare da yawancin masu mallakar dabbobi a gida da waje, kuma na sami wani abu mai ban sha'awa. Babban abin damuwa ga masu mallakar dabbobi a Turai da Amurka shine cewa yin allurar rigakafin dabbobin na iya haifar da "tashin hankali", yayin da a China, masu mallakar dabbobin sun damu da cewa allurar rigakafin dabbobin na iya haifar da "ciwon daji". Wadannan damuwa sun samo asali ne daga gidajen yanar gizon da ke da'awar zama na halitta ko lafiya, suna gargadi game da hadarin kan yin rigakafin kuliyoyi da karnuka. Duk da haka, bayan shekaru masu yawa na gano tushen maganganun, babu wani gidan yanar gizon da ya bayyana ma'anar fiye da allurar rigakafi, samun harbi daya a shekara? Ana samun allura biyu a shekara? Ko ana yin allura duk bayan shekara uku?

Waɗannan gidajen yanar gizon kuma sun yi gargaɗi game da yiwuwar cutarwa na dogon lokaci fiye da allurar rigakafi, musamman yuwuwar cututtukan tsarin rigakafi da kansa. Amma ya zuwa yanzu, babu wata cibiya ko wani mutum da ya bayar da wata kididdiga kan yawan kamuwa da cututtuka da ciwon daji da ke da alaka da yawan allurar riga-kafi bisa gwaje-gwaje ko bincike na kididdiga, haka kuma babu wanda ya bayar da wani bayani da ke tabbatar da alakar da ke tsakanin allurar rigakafi da cututtuka daban-daban. Koyaya, lalacewar dabbobin da waɗannan maganganun ke haifarwa ya riga ya bayyana. A cewar rahoton jin dadin dabbobi na Biritaniya, yawan kuliyoyi, karnuka da zomaye da aka yi wa allurar rigakafin cutar a karon farko a lokacin da suke kanana a shekarar 2016 ya kai kashi 84%, yayin da ya ragu zuwa kashi 66% a shekarar 2019. Duk da haka, ya kuma hada da matsananciyar matsin lamba da ke haifarwa. rashin tattalin arziki a Biritaniya, wanda ya kai ga masu dabbobi ba su da kudin yin allurar rigakafi.

Wasu likitocin cikin gida ko masu mallakar dabbobi na iya karanta jaridun dabbobi kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, amma watakila saboda rashin kammala karatu ko kuma ƙayyadaddun ƙwarewar Ingilishi, sun sami wasu kuskuren cewa za a samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi bayan ƴan alluran rigakafi, kuma babu buƙata. don yin rigakafin kowace shekara. Gaskiyar ita ce, bisa ga Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Dabbobi ta Amirka, ba lallai ba ne a sake yin rigakafi a kowace shekara don yawancin maganin rigakafi, kuma mahimmin kalma a nan shine 'mafi '. Kamar yadda na ambata a baya, Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Dabbobi ta Duniya tana rarraba alluran rigakafi zuwa manyan alluran rigakafi da marasa asali. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ainihin rigakafin bisa ga buƙatu, maimakon a kan shawarar masu dabbobi. Akwai ƙananan allurar rigakafin dabbobi a China, don haka yawancin mutane ba su san abin da ba na asali ba, kamar Leptospira, cutar Lyme, mura na canine, da sauransu.

Wadannan alluran rigakafin duk suna da lokacin rigakafi, amma kowane cat da kare suna da tsarin tsarin jiki daban-daban kuma suna haifar da lokacin sakamako daban. Idan aka yi wa karnuka biyu a cikin danginku allurar rigakafi a rana ɗaya, ɗayan yana iya zama ba shi da ƙwayoyin rigakafi bayan watanni 13, ɗayan kuma yana iya samun ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu tasiri bayan shekaru 3, wanda shine bambancin mutum. Alurar riga kafi na iya tabbatar da cewa ko da wanene aka yiwa alurar riga kafi daidai, za su iya kula da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na akalla watanni 12. Bayan watanni 12, ana iya samun rashin isa ko ma bacewar ƙwayoyin rigakafi a kowane lokaci. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan kuna son kyanwarku da kare ku su sami ƙwayoyin rigakafi a kowane lokaci kuma ba ku son karɓar alluran ƙararrawa don ci gaba da rigakafin a cikin watanni 12, kuna buƙatar bincika sau da yawa don kasancewar ƙwayoyin rigakafi, kamar gwajin rigakafin rigakafi na mako-mako ko kowane wata. Kwayoyin rigakafi bazai ragu a hankali ba amma suna iya samun digon dutse. Da alama kwayoyin rigakafin sun hadu da mizanin wata daya da ya wuce, amma ba za su isa wata daya ba. A cikin labarin kwanakin da suka gabata, mun yi magana musamman game da yadda karnuka biyu suka tashi a gida suka kamu da cutar sankarau. Ga dabbobin da ba su da kariyar rigakafin rigakafi, wannan babbar illa ce.

Muna jaddada cewa duk manyan alluran rigakafi ba sa da'awar suna da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na dogon lokaci bayan ƴan allurai, kuma babu buƙatar ƙarin rigakafi. Haka nan kuma babu wata kididdiga, takarda, ko shaidar gwaji da za ta tabbatar da cewa kan lokaci kuma isassun allurar rigakafi na iya haifar da ciwon daji ko bakin ciki. Idan aka kwatanta da yuwuwar matsalolin da alluran rigakafi ke haifarwa, rashin kyawun salon rayuwa da halayen ciyarwa marasa ilimin kimiya na iya kawo munanan cututtuka ga dabbobi.