A halin yanzu, manyan cututtukan da ke damun lafiya da samar da kaji sun hada da MS, AE, IC, ILT, IB, H9 da dai sauransu. Amma dangane da asarar tattalin arzikin gona, IB ya kamata a fara. Musamman, kajin daga Afrilu zuwa Yuni 2017 sun kamu da cutar IB sosai.

1. Nazari akan musabbabin cutar

Kowa ya san cutar IB. IBV kwayar cuta ce mai yawan serotype. Babban hanyar kamuwa da cuta shine tsarin numfashi, wanda yafi shafar tsarin numfashi, tsarin haihuwa, tsarin fitsari, da sauransu. A halin yanzu, nau'in QX shine babban nau'in annoba. Har ila yau, muna amfani da alluran rigakafi da yawa a cikin Sin, gami da alluran rigakafi masu rai da marasa aiki. Mafi yawan amfani shine nau'in taro: Ma5, H120, 28/86, H52, W93; nau'in 4/91: 4/91; Ldt3 / 03: ldt3-a; Nau'in QX: qxl87; Alurar rigakafin da ba a kunna ba M41 da sauransu.

Cututtukan numfashi masu dawwama da cututtuka masu tada hankali sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar ta IB. Wadannan cututtuka guda biyu suna sanya mucosa na kaji ya lalace akai-akai.

Kamar yadda muka sani, kariyar IB ya dogara ne akan maganin rigakafi na mucosal, kuma babban hanyar kamuwa da cuta shine tsarin numfashi. Ci gaba da lalacewa ko maimaitawar mucosal yana haifar da raguwar adadin kariya na rigakafi na rigakafin IB da aka yi a lokacin kaji da lokacin kiwo, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da IBV.

Musamman wuraren da wannan cuta ta fi kamari su ne kananan gonakin kajin da ke ci gaba da shiga cikin kajin, wadanda ba a ciki da wajen kajin ba, wadanda ba su da komai kuma da kyar idan kasuwa ta yi kyau, gonakin polyculture na daban-daban. kungiyoyin kaji masu shekaru, da sabbin da aka yi amfani da su a gonakin kiwo tare da babban matakin sarrafa kansa.

Don haka menene ke haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka na numfashi da kuma cututtukan numfashi a cikin lokacin girma da girma? Menene alamun da kuma yadda za a hana su?

Na farko, iska mai sanyi damuwa

Dalilin cuta

Yawan samun iska, matsalar mai kula da zafin jiki, shigar da iska ya yi kusa da kaza, ƙimar matsa lamba mara kyau bai isa ba, yanayin iska ya koma baya, ba a rufe gidan kaji sosai, akwai iskar ɓarawo, da sauransu.

Alamomin asibiti

Kwatsam sai hankalin kaji ya tsananta, cin abinci kullum ya ragu, ruwan sha ya ragu, wuyansu ya bushe, gashin fuka-fukansu ya yi kauri da yamutsi, kogon hanci daya ko biyu ya bayyana, sai suka yi atishawa suna tari. auscultation da dare. Idan ba rigakafin lokaci da magani ba, zai zama kamuwa da cuta ta biyu tare da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta.

Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa

Zaɓi lokacin mafi ƙarancin zafin rana a cikin rana, jin canjin yanayin zafi kusa da kajin marasa lafiya, nemi tushen iska mai sanyi, gano tushen tushen, kuma warware shi sosai.

Idan adadin abin da ya faru bai wuce kashi 1% na yawan jama'a ba, kajin za su warke ta hanyar dabi'a bayan daidaita iskar. Idan an gano shi daga baya kuma adadin abin da ya faru ya fi kashi 1% na yawan jama'a, ya kamata mu dauki tylosin, doxycycline, Shuanghuanglian da sauran magunguna don rigakafi da magani bisa ga bukatun cutar.

Na biyu, ƙananan iskar iska, ammonia da sauran iskar gas masu cutarwa sun wuce misali

Dalilin cuta

Domin samun dumi, canjin iska ya yi ƙanƙanta, kuma ba a fitar da iskar gas mai cutarwa a cikin gidan kaji cikin lokaci. Bugu da kari, rashin hakin da taki kaji ke haifarwa sakamakon bayan gida ba tare da wani lokaci ba da kuma zubar ruwan nonon da ake sha shi ma dalilin cutar ne.

Alamomin asibiti

Idanun kajin sun gyaru, sun yi barci kuma sun yi tagumi, sannan fatar ido sun yi ja kuma sun kumbura, musamman ma a saman saman ko kuma wurin shaye-shaye. Wasu kaji sun yi tari suna ta kururuwa. Lokacin da mutane suka tafi, kaji suna son kwanciya. Lokacin da mutane suka zo, kaji suna cikin yanayin tunani mai kyau. Babu wani sauyi a fili game da ciyarwa da ruwan sha.

Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa

Bisa ga mafi ƙarancin ma'auni na numfashi, an ƙayyade yawan iskar iska. Lokacin da yanayin kiyaye zafi da mafi ƙarancin rikice-rikice na numfashi, an yi watsi da adana zafin don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar numfashi.

Don ƙara yawan zafin jiki na gidan kaza, ya kamata mu yi la'akari da iska da kuma adana zafi na gidan kaza. Sauya ɗigon nonuwa akan lokaci, daidaita tsayin layin ruwa akan lokaci, don hana zubar ruwa saboda taɓawar kaji.

Tsaftace najasar gidan kaji cikin lokaci don hana cutar iskar gas da ke haifar da haki.

Na uku, mummunan matsa lamba, hypoxia

Dalilin cuta

Gidan kajin da aka rufe yana da babban ƙarar iska mai shayewa da ƙaramar shigar iska, wanda ke haifar da mummunan matsin lamba na gidan kaji ya wuce misali na dogon lokaci kuma kaji ba su da iskar oxygen na dogon lokaci.

Alamomin asibiti

Babu wani aiki mara kyau a cikin kajin. An kara yawan kaji don hawan numfashi da daddare, musamman ga jika. Yawan matattun kajin ya karu. Cunkoso da necrosis sun faru a cikin huhun matattun kajin. Lokaci-lokaci, toshe cuku yana faruwa a cikin trachea da bronchus.

Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa

Ana iya daidaita matsi mara kyau zuwa madaidaicin kewayo ta amfani da mai sauya mitar don rage yawan iskar fanka ko ƙara wurin shigar iska. An yi maganin kajin da ke da mummunar cuta tare da doxycycline da neomycin.

Na hudu, babban zafin jiki da ƙarancin zafi

Dalilin cuta

Saboda da musamman na anatomical tsarin na numfashi tsarin na kaji, ban da musayar oxygen da carbon dioxide, da numfashi na kaji kuma gudanar da babban zafi dissipation aiki. Sabili da haka, a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi da ƙananan zafi, tsarin numfashi na kaji ya fi gaggawa, kuma mucosa na numfashi yana da rauni ga lalacewa, yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi.

Alamomin asibiti

Kajin sun nuna rashin jin daɗi, tsawan wuya, buɗe baki, girgiza kai da sauran alamomi. Da daddare, kajin sun yi tari, kururuwa, snoring da sauran cututtukan cututtuka na numfashi. Fannin kajin da suka mutu yana da cunkoso, kuma sai dai trachea da bronchus embolism ya faru a wasu kajin.

Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa

Lokacin da zafin jiki ya dace, kula da ƙara yawan zafi a cikin iska na henhouse, musamman a lokacin lokacin chickling, yanayin da ya dace yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka dace don lafiyar kaji. Magungunan rigakafi masu mahimmanci kamar enrofloxacin, doxycycline da magungunan antitussive masu tsauri don rigakafi da magani.

Na biyar, yanayin tsaftar gidan kaza ba shi da kyau, kuma ƙurar ta wuce misali da gaske

Dalilin cuta

A cikin hunturu, yawan iska mai iska na gidan kaza ya zama karami, gidan kaza ba shi da tsabta, kuma ƙurar da ke cikin iska ta wuce misali.

Alamomin asibiti

Kaji suna yin atishawa, tari, kuma suna ta murmure sosai. Bayan shiga gidan kaji, za ku iya ganin kura tana shawagi a cikin iska. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan, tufafin mutane da gashin kansu duk fararen kura ne. Cututtukan numfashi na kaji ba su da magani na dogon lokaci.

Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa

Lokacin da aka ba da izinin zafin jiki, yakamata a ƙara ƙarar iska mai shayewa don fitar da ƙura daga gidan kaji. Bugu da ƙari, tsaftacewar lokaci na gidan kaza, humidification da raguwar ƙura sune hanyoyi masu kyau don cire ƙura. Mai tsanani tare da tylosin, Shuanghuanglian da sauran rigakafi da magani.